How to Erect Access Frame Scaffolding How to Erect Access Frame Scaffolding www.worksafebc.com Select . One must also consider all the necessary components and hardware needed in order to have the safest most accessible construction work platform. Scaffold planks should extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. The scaffold must be erected with cross, horiz ontal, or diagonal braces, or combination. Greater variations in riser height are allowed for the top and bottom steps of the entire system (not for each flight of stairs). Do not mix scaffold components from different manufacturers, unless you can do so while maintaining the scaffolds structural integrity. Toeboards must be capable of withstanding at least 50 pounds applied in a downward or outward direction. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you. Something that is "plumb" runs perpendicular to the horizonmeaning that when it intersects the horizon, it makes a right (90 degree) angle. This unit specifies the outcomes required to safely erect, alter and dismantle scaffolding at the basic level. . Tip: One way to ensure a stable foundation, when a sill is used, is to secure it to the baseplate (Figure 2). [, Employees must be able to safely access any level of a scaffold that is 2 feet above or below an access point. They are frequently used in one or two tiers by residential contractors, painters, etc., but their modular frames can also be stacked several stories high for use on large-scale construction jobs. shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, square, and rigid. Employees involved with set up (or near) the scaffold must wear hard hats. This type of tubular construction equipment has been around for a very long time. The planking used must be "scaffold grade.". Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the direct supervision of a scaffold competent person. Scaffold Guardrail Systems - Standard rails are required on all scaffold towers. . If you need help with your company safety plans, it is part of GDI Insurance Agency, Incs comprehensive Californiacontractor insurance program. Light-duty scaffolds can support 25 pounds per square foot. Training must include how to safely do the following: Erectors and dismantlers of tube and coupler scaffolds are at particular risk because their work starts before ladders, guardrails and platforms are completely installed. Such retraining is required in at least the following situations [. This training must be provided by a qualified person who understands the hazards associated with the type of scaffold being used and who knows the procedures to control or minimize those hazards. Employees are not permitted to work on or from a scaffold during storms or high wind, unless a competent person has determined that it is safe, and those employees are protected by [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(12)]: Because they may be built in proximity to overhead power lines, and because they are often made of metal, scaffolds can put workers at risk of electrocution. [, Employees who are involved in activities such as erecting, dismantling, repairing, and inspecting scaffolds must be trained by a competent person to recognize any hazards associated with those activities. Scaffolds with a height-to-base width ratio of more than four to one shall be restrained from tipping over by guying, tying, bracing, or equivalent means. [, When midrails are used, they must be installed at a height approximately midway between the top edge of the guardrail system and the platform surface. Metal pumpjack scaffolds cannot be more than 13.7 m in height; and must be braced every 4.6 m. Pumpjack scaffolds with supports made of wood must not be more than 7.3 m in height and must be braced every 3 m. Is erected plumb and level. Too much material being stored on the platform. [, A toprail of each stair rail system capable of serving as a handrail, unless a separate handrail is provided. [, Guys, ties, and braces must be installed according to the scaffold manufacturer's recommendations or at the closest horizontal member to the 4:1 height ratio and be repeated every 20 vertical feet for narrow scaffolds (3 feet or less in width), and every 26 vertical feet for scaffolds greater than 3 feet in width. [, Nothing that could cause a slip, trip or fall (i.e. In some cases, you may choose a new. Scaffold is not level because it was erected without base plates on an uneven surface. Pumpjack scaffolds are for light duty only. You can measure if something is plumb by using a plumb bob or a spirit or laser level. B. Toeboards must be installed on work platforms where materials or tools will be in use. The main components are scaffolding tubes, scaffold clamps, and base plates. [, A space of at least 3 inches between handrails, or stair rails used as handrails, and other objects. Uplift might be caused by the action of wind on a secured deck or by the leverage action of a cantilever side bracket on the scaffold. Authorized Person Platforms and walkways, in general, must be at least 18 inches wide. It's best to have everything as low as possible so parts don't get blown or bounced out. The maximum extension of the plank cannot be more than 12 inches for planks that are 10 feet long or less. For most activities, there must be no more than a 14-inch gap between the scaffold platform and the structure being worked on. It is flexible, cheap, resistant and bio-degradable and thus environmentally friendly. Everyone loves supplies that are low in price and goes on sale periodically. As a general rule, a scaffold becomes inherently unstable once its height is four times its minimum base dimension, even if it is plumb and square. [. must be plumb and braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Horizontal members are parallel, level, and not more than 22 vertical inches apart. [. Prepares layout, using rule, framing square, and calipers. This would be in reference to stand alone scaffold towers. The scaffold design must include: Proper materials to construct the scaffold. An access ladder or equivalent safe access must be provided. Make sure the scaffold is stable. Supported scaffold poles, frames, uprights, etc. or more per square foot. You will need many of each component for larger structures. 1. Once erected, provide toeboards on all railed sides to prevent falling object hazards. Scaffolds need to be erected plumb, level, squared and braced to . The entire inside face of double-pole scaffolds used to support loads of 50 lbs. Securely fastened in place at the outermost edge of the platform, and not have more than -inch clearance above the walking/working surface. Erect plumb, square and rigid with all brace connections securely fastened. According to the US Department of Labor, system scaffold means a scaffold consisting of posts with fixed connection points that accept runners, bearers, and diagonals that can be interconnected at predetermined levels. Tube and coupler scaffold design must comply with 29 CFR 1926.451.452. [, Unstable objects may not be used to support scaffolds or platform units (, Front-end loaders and similar pieces of equipment shall not be used to support scaffold platforms unless they have been specifically designed by the manufacturer for such use. They should be installed along all open sides and at both ends of platforms, except when used as a walkway, the platform is the main working area of the scaffold. must be plumb and braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Personal Fall Arrest System, Guardrail System, or 3/4 inch (1.9 cm) grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board. The top edge height of toprails on supported scaffolds must be between 36 inches and 45 inches. Workers building scaffolds risk serious injury from falls and tip-overs, being struck by falling tools and other hazards and electrocution from energized power lines. Has vertical supports resting on a firm foundation or sills. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. Heavy-duty scaffolds can support 75 pounds per square foot. Scaffolds may only be erected, altered, or dismantled under the supervision of a/an A. Reaching 5 foot high all the way up to 30 feet tall. Damaged or deteriorated equipment must not be used USA (v. 2008) 21 Erecting Scaffolding. Erects framework for structures. Requirements to prevent falls that apply only to these workers are addressed separately below. Bracing Connect panels and frames with diagonal, horizontal, or cross braces along or as a combination, in order to laterally secure the vertical members. Tube and coupler scaffold design must comply with 29 CFR 1926.451-.452. [, Any part of a scaffold that has been damaged or weakened so that it no longer meets OSHA strength requirements must either be repaired, replaced, braced, or removed from service. Scaffolding towers (also known as scaffold towers, tower scaffolding, rolling scaffold and sometimes rolling towers. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: Answer: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. [, Scaffold platforms must be able to support their own weight, plus four times the maximum intended load. Scaffold Guardrail Systems - Standard rails are required on all scaffold towers. They can decide on which material to use and also the desired dimensions. Do not force frames or braces to fit - level the scaffold until proper fit can easily be made. Ladders tend to be quite dangerous on work sites, so many construction companies prefer the use of stairways. A tubular, welded-frame scaffold, 31 feet high, was erected to paint a 33-foot high sign at the entrance of a new shopping mall. Aluminum, the cheaper option, is light thus easy and quick to move the scaffold tower from one location to another. Check the level again and plumb if necessary. [, Have uniform spacing between rungs of a maximum 16 inches. Several days later, a crew of seven workers was instructed to replace the scaffold and finish painting the sign. Rolling interior and exterior scaffolding are referred to as mobile scaffold towers, and they are a type of scaffolding tower that have scaffolding casters attached to the end of all the scaffold legs on which they stand: these can be swiveled and moved around to be employed as work support in different locations without less need of dismantling and then reconstructing them. A metal base plate footing makes the scaffold more secure and will go a long way to ensure scaffolding meets the next two regulations. This is one more reason for always using fall protection. Not tied. "Footings shall be level, sound, rigid, and capable of supporting the loaded scaffold without settling or displacement." 1926.451 (c) (2) (i) Although not an issue in this photo, this means that if the . The forklift is not moved horizontally while the platform is occupied. Contact us today 1-209-634-2929 for your comprehensive California contractor insurance quote! For example, a . In addition, there is a lot of information regarding building your own scaffold towers on the Internet. Others, such as swivel couplers, can be used for a variety of purposes; they can be positioned to allow various angles and crosses among the types of piping. . Personal Fall Arrest System. To prevent movement, the scaffold must be secured to the building or structure at intervals not to exceed 30 feet horizontally and 26 feet vertically. Medium-duty scaffolds can support 50 pounds per square foot. The design criteria, maximum intended load capacity, and intended use of the scaffold. In Asia, bamboo is used as a construction material. Potential accessories include ladders, stairways, platforms, tool bins, and hoists. Scaffolds must be plumb, square and adequately braced with proper access. There were no guardrails at the working level. Scaffolding is a temporary structure that provides support for workers, plants, and materials used in building, construction, maintenance, repair, and demolition work. Most screw jacks will have a built-in stop so that the maximum height cannot be exceeded. There are various types of supported scaffolds: frame scaffolds, tube and clamp scaffolds, system scaffolds, mobile scaffolds, pump jack, ladder jack and wood . Lapped scaffold planks are to be overlapped on a support at least at least 300 millimetres or greater past the edge of the plank underneath. The frames must be plumb and level and spaced to adequately support the loads. [, Uniform tread depth, within -inch, for each flight of stairs. Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet in height must be designed by a registered professional engineer. Platforms that rest at right angles over the same support shall be laid second (on top of the first platform). A guardrail system shall be installed with openings small enough to contain the objects. Extreme weather or damage to structural components can also affect a scaffold's stability. Don't use bricks, blocks, barrels, or other unstable objects to level a scaffold. Plumb and level all scaffolds as the erection proceeds. Scaffolding, also called scaffold or staging, is a temporary structure used to support a work crew and materials to aid in the construction, maintenance and repair of buildings, bridges and all other man-made structures.Scaffolds are widely used on site to get access to heights and areas that would be otherwise hard to get to. System Scaffolding. Supported scaffold poles, legs . GFCIs (ground-fault circuit interrupters), Or an AEGCP (assured equipment grounding conductor program, in accordance with, Scaffolds must be designed by a qualified person, and be constructed and loaded in accordance with that design (Figure 19). [, If a ramp or walkway has a slope of more than 1:8, it must have cleats securely fastened to the planks not more than 14 inches apart, to provide footing. Unsafe scaffolding has the potential to result in death or serious . [, Guardrail systems must be installed along all open sides and ends of platforms, and must be in place before the scaffold is released for use by employees other than erection/dismantling crews. The scaffold was constructed on a poured concrete floor and had been leveled. We will deliver to you the highest quality property and casualty insurance programs and strategic planning consultation services in a manner that is most suitable to achieving your business goals. NOTE: Except where indicated, these requirements also apply to manually propelled, pump jack, ladder jack, tube and coupler, and pole scaffolds as well as the specialty scaffolds described in the Supported Scaffolds module. Scaffolding shall be designed by a qualified and competent . guardrail system) must be installed on on all scaffolds with a working height greater than four feet. Next, select the appropriate-sized scaffold for each job. [, Uniform riser height, within -inch, for each flight of stairs. [, Scaffolds and scaffold components must be inspected for visible defects before each shift by a competent person, and after each occurrence that could affect a scaffold's integrity (such as being struck by a crane). They may, however, be treated periodically with clear preservatives, fire-retardants, and/or slip-resistant finishes. Faults: Damaged. Tip: A scaffold can be overloaded by removing the braces, which causes the weight on the scaffold to be distributed to fewer structural members. Secure access to the scaffold. The Scaffold cross braces should never be used as a means of access. The standard dimensions are 5 foot and 7 foot long. All joints must be Posts shall be erected plumb in all directions, with the first level of runners and bearers positioned as close to the base as feasible. [, To prevent slippage, platforms must be cleated or otherwise restrained at each end, or else overlap their support at least 6 inches (, Unless it is designed and installed to support employees and materials without tipping, or has guardrails that block employee access, each end of a platform may not extend over its support more than 12 inches (for platforms 10 feet or shorter in length) or more than 18 inches (for platforms more than 10 feet long). Specific requirements are described below. Fabricated frame scaffolds are the most common type of scaffold because they are versatile, economical, and easy to use. [, Forklifts shall not be used to support scaffold platforms unless [. Use footings that are level, sound, rigid and capable of supporting the load without settlement or displacement. 6. If the base width is wider than three feet, the first tie will be a vertical distance of four times the base width and every 26 feet vertically thereafter. For example, if the base width is 5 feet, the first vertical tie will be (5 feet x 4) 20 feet from the ground. Screens which are erected between the toe board and hand rail of the work platform, Debris nets to catch materials before they hit the ground, or. C. Survey the job site. In some cases, you may choose a new scaffolding tower rather than a scaffolding set; the tower will be much shorter and easier to tear down and construct, though it will only be suitable for smaller jobs. Guys, ties, and braces must be installed at locations where horizontal scaffold components support both inner and outer legs. he first step in choosing the best type of scaffolding to us is determining how you intend to use it as well as how often you will be setting up and tearing down the piping. Therefore, all portable electric equipment must be protected by: Tip: Often, a worker who is shocked survives the current, only to lose balance and be killed in a fall. Ladder Jack Scaffold. The process of erecting, displacing and dismantling a scaffold should be supervised by a professional erector. Basically this is referring to a stand alone structure with platform. The momentum of the frame thrust the employee backward off the second level. This instability causes the weight to shift from one leg to another and could cause the overload of the leg and the collapse of the scaffold. Scaffolding. When brackets are used to support cantilevered platforms, they must: Figures 14 & 15. Guys, ties and braces shall be installed where horizontal members support both inner and outer legs. They can also choose if they want it mobile or stationary. [, On scaffolds where platforms are abutted to create a long platform, each abutted end must rest on a separate support surface (this does not preclude the use of shared support members such as "T" sections, hook-on platforms that rest on common supports, etc.). Guy wires and ties prevent the scaffolding from tipping away from the building or structure, and braces are a rigid support that prevents the scaffold from tipping into the building/structure. See Appendix A of Subpart L for non-mandatory toeboard guidelines. [, Frames and panels must be connected by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, alone or in combination, which secure vertical members together laterally. In the same vein, a "true" corner would be squared to exactly 90 degrees. Erects scaffolding and ladders for assembling structures above ground level. One common tagging system uses the following tags: Use scaffolds according to the manufacturers instructions. (, Midrails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members, solid panels, etc., must be able to withstand a force of at least 150 pounds applied in any downward or horizontal direction, at any point along the midrail or other member. Training shall include [. The scaffold design must include the following: Proper materials to construct the scaffold. Place the planks. bucks) must be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins (or equivalent means). [, Frames and panels must be locked together to prevent uplift, where uplift can occur. The focus of this position will be to construct, erect, install, and repair structures and fixtures of wood, plywood, and wallboard, using carpenter's hand tools and power tools, conforming to . Cross-braces of the proper length must be used to ensure that the scaffold will remain plumb and rigid. Scaffolding must be erected on stable foundation. (F) Tubular welded frame scaffolds. Supported scaffold poles, legs . Cross braces must keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square; All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging; Frames and panels must be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means; Frames and panels must be locked together to prevent uplift (separation of a OSHA 1926.454 (c) states: When an employer has reason to believe . A specific access, such as a mounted ladder, must be used. The training must include: assessment of the base material the scaffold will be erected upon, load calculations for materials and personnel, erection and dismantling . Tip: For the same reason, cleats or other means of connecting planks should be on the underside. [, Portable, hook-on, and attachable ladders must be positioned so as not to tip the scaffold. 22. e. Ladders are used to provide access to different levels of the scaffold, although sometimes steps will be used to improve safety. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: - Ans-If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. If the scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift . Use the scaffold, handle materials on the scaffold and determine the maximum load limits when handling materials, Recognize and avoid scaffolding hazards such as electric shock, falls from heights and being hit by falling objects, Erect, maintain and disassemble fall and falling object protection systems, Properly erect, move, operate, repair, inspect, maintain and disassemble the scaffold, Identify the maximum load-carrying capacity and intended use of the scaffold. Follow all state, local and federal codes, ordinance and regulations pertaining to scaffolding. 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The use of the scaffold to shift necessary components and hardware needed in order to have the most.