pptx. Brahman is defined as Existance,Consiouness and Bliss(Satchitananda). Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 23 0 R 24 0 R 25 0 R 26 0 R 27 0 R 28 0 R 29 0 R 30 0 R 31 0 R 32 0 R 33 0 R 34 0 R 35 0 R 36 0 R 37 0 R 38 0 R 39 0 R 40 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 841.92 595.32] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> What is correct for a woman might not be for a man or what is correct for an adult might not be for a child. The answer to this question lies in the concept of maya, or ignorance. Good or virtuous actions, actions in harmony with dharma, will have good reactions or responses and bad actions, actions against dharma, will have the opposite effect. This does not affect the sun. 0000004449 00000 n It is often associated with bhakti movements, who propose that we are all eternal servants of a personal Deity, thus advocating each act, word, and deed to be acts of devotion. In Hinduism karma operates not only in this lifetime but across lifetimes: the results of an action might only be experienced after the present life in a new life. pptx. What is Brahman, is it awareness or reality? Hindus generally believe that dharma was revealed in the Vedas although a more common word there for 'universal law' or 'righteousness' is rita. What is the story of Shiva and the Ganges? It is seen even in a Arjuna's sva-dharma was to fight in the battle because he was a warrior, but he must fight with detachment from the results of his actions and within the rules of the warriors' dharma. reflected in the intellect (Chidabhasa). To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. endobj 32 Jan Lever Educational Consultancy and Training Ltd. 2013 Key Stage 2 Medium Term Planning Year: 3 Term: Summer 1 Theme: Hindu Beliefs Religion: Hinduism Key question for this enquiry: How can Brahman be everywhere and in everything? Does it remain even after death (When we don't have a body?) partless substance, e.g., the Akasa (which has no shape or colour) docx, 78.85 KB. Copyright 2020 | Made With by Cocoa Media. Oh got it sir! @d88o,x`RdS).XH ID?W4{D-+%dH$QTZ;H 5pe"_'IP$ hy1aTFWhei_/nFSLt$^dIdQI&=,WGYV~{ L6"1*.5x1VC8I||q>>6G^ Y#hGH6Fw?uVTV=")AS [43.d+ %=q_J0})q}}:'z,o @At'=geo*pM^> Gp.pw/psVU78oc&'P~Bzy-,F9-i-;Bx ^1"=*544k]`xB{4KX7c)xUWbzTzVZb2B4jIUMyR*E^">[KonV$]HqyP_;)'DU40Qf & qiF`ZU&&*i*iALT Ls49fh0Ia:J0rHEb_r(>4AKV6Q0iHH[ICIC6 =U&1cu\vn*`!x$]rP5G}1l}YZ%uT WR9rr^YXQ#'eU]YTv.w^S1MOW(CB4K isZ/KS iQvU"xQ6VN;N}X>Q*N!FJKr5#$z4i''#|@8bp2 #Jo8lTxT >vJi[Z0-Cp:I. The lower caste people can never be as close to God . Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Although usually considered an initiation for males it must be noted that there are examples of exceptions to this rule, where females receive this initiation. Maitreyi said, "You confused me here, by saying that there is no consciousness after death." endobj Religion: Hinduism *Theme: Pilgrimage to the River Ganges Key Question: Would visiting the River Ganges feel special to a non-Hindu? They started by considering what they were to differentpeople. It means god is present in the particles or atoms and gives them motion. Indra, Vyasa, and Brahm are positions that get filled over time, but Ivara is not. Each person can relate to God in a particular form, the ishta devata or desired form of God. I am not the body,mind,intellect. , How can Brahman be everywhere and in everything. Why Vedas are called inferior in Upanishads? The many different gods and goddesses reveal different aspects of the One. These paramparas are defined by their attraction to a particular form of God (called ishta or devata): The terms guru and acharya refer to a teacher or master of a tradition. Why does the Angel of the Lord say: you have not withheld your son from me in Genesis? 0000016439 00000 n Gurus are generally very highly revered and can become the focus of devotion (bhakti) in some traditions. 0000009190 00000 n 2)Sir can you explain Maitreyi and Yajnavalkya conversation further? Topic: Hinduism: How can Brahman be everywhere and in everything? L{F1/tJ6{%sBnLdas8qhi2(zG:m $(X6bhw/FycEqeJRL c@ Qq/Aj X8#yqF /JN1A6eH'p`5EraNokfcqM?wq>O557t%FBC%T6`@\ A"]en'70`LHR+@(Y3Mm7cUuYW)"!(V/nSW ^AI\rja2W?@w The purusharthas express an understanding of human nature, that people have different desires and purposes which are all legitimate in their context. Everything is jiva, the planet is live, the sun is live, the moon is live and they all have energy in them which is Chaitanya, but human beings have a different level of Consciousness called Citta (an aspect of Cit). This text, set before the great battle of the Mahabharata, depicts the hero Arjuna riding in his chariot driven by his charioteer Krishna between the great armies. The idea of atman entails the idea of the self as a spiritual rather than material being and thus there is a strong dimension of Hinduism which emphasises detachment from the material world and promotes practices such as asceticism. Now, though we used the word Singularity, it is to be understood in the sense of being infinite; hence, Singularity should not be interpreted as being Single or numeric One (Ekam). Those who adhere to this idea, addressing ones eternal dharma or constitution, claim that it transcends other mundane dharmas that it is the para dharma, the ultimate dharma. How can we say just because in dream it happens, in Vyavaharika also it's same Atman who projects all and at paramarthika level only Atman remains? illumined by Kutastha is more illumined by the light of Kutastha Here, sun is for consciousness and the pot with and without water refers to jiva with and without sentience. There is no second entity other than Brahman. How can Brahman be everywhere and in everything? 2)How can Brahman be all pervading as Isa Upanishad says when its just pure awareness ? Cha c sn phm trong gi hng. How can Brahman/consciousness be all pervading including living and non living things? This notion of atman/Brahman presents a serious philosophical challenge to Advaita Vedanta, namely, it demands that one explain how all (reality) can be un-divided, unchanging, and pure consciousness, yet appear to be everything but non-dual, unchanging, and pure consciousness. Many Hindus believe that all the different deities are aspects of a single, transcendent power. so if Brahman is the ocean, the water or ripple in that ocean is called Cit:Shakti. stream It can only be experienced. There is nothing else apart from consciousness. One of the brothers, Arjuna, disagrees, claiming that dharma and pleasure rest on profit. Mundaka Upanishad I-i-6: (By the higher knowledge) the wise realize everywhere that which cannot be perceived and grasped, which is without source, features, eyes, and ears, which has neither hands nor feet, which is eternal, multiformed, all-pervasive, extremely subtle, and un-diminishing and which is the source of all. Year 3 RE Summer One - Sikhism - Sharing and Community - Knowledge Organiser. #9+&3_I&{C)!GP7>\ cmB&{)CYwV@bhA,. The three aspects Of the universal supreme God. Brahma Shiva Vishnu preserver creator destroyer Now its your turn. Vivarta is mere appearance of change of a thing or its state, not a 5)Sir Isa Upanishad 1 says Lord is all Pervading. In the 19th Century the concept of sanatana dharma was used by some groups to advocate a unified view of Hinduism. There cannot be a principle which is awareness and all prevading. The class system is a model or ideal of social order that first occurs in the oldest Hindu text, the Rig Veda and the present-day caste (jati) system may be rooted in this. If a law is new but its interpretation is vague, can the courts directly ask the drafters the intent and official interpretation of their law? Required fields are marked *. Jordan's line about intimate parties in The Great Gatsby? I started reading the answer found it sounding academic scrolled down to find the name "RamAbloh" and lighted up. Your email address will not be published. It focusses on the issue of manifestation and the link between the ultimate questions of Hinduism and the challenging concept of Brahman. To the unenlightened, the mind is the cause of repetitive history (sasra). Visit BBC Webwise for full instructions. God can be understood as a supreme person with qualities of love and compassion towards creatures. 0000015566 00000 n A fourth goal of liberation (moksha) was added at a later date. Asked by the mother why he delayed for a week, he replied 'a week ago I had not stopped eating sugar!'. 4)How do we become everything that exists? Hindu gods and goddesses. 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Advaithans answer that it's possible that Atman alone appears as all objects as it does in dream state. Rgveda 10.129. Consciousness is all pervading. 'Om', or 'Aum', is the sacred symbol of Brahman. Religion: Hinduism *Theme: Pilgrimage to the River Ganges Key Question: Would visiting the River Ganges feel special to a non-Hindu? If yes how can it be known? This page is best viewed in an up-to-date web browser with style sheets (CSS) enabled. Brahman is a Sanskrit word which refers to a transcendent power beyond the universe. Devotion (, Shaktas focus on the Goddess in her gentle forms such as. Isherwood, Christopher. 0000142901 00000 n Is it Atman? Those who adhere to this idea of one's eternal dharma or constitution, claim that it transcends other mundane dharmas - that it is the para dharma, the ultimate dharma of the self. Sorry if I disturbed you! Thus consciousness and existence are interwined. 1015 0 obj <> endobj xref 1015 37 0000000016 00000 n n%0 >`k#M6Ih2NB L"\+;FJ"zB!pFW3k. What was covering, where was whose shelter? The twice born traditionally could go through four stages of life or ashramas. It is said to be the most suitable name for god as it is a low sound heard during the deepest meditation. There are two main ideas about Bhagavan or Ishvara: For convenience Hindus are often classified into the three most popular Hindu denominations, called paramparas in Sanskrit. %PDF-1.7 Hindus believe that human beings can create good or bad consequences for their actions and might reap the rewards of action in this life, in a future human rebirth or reap the rewards of action in a heavenly or hell realm in which the self is reborn for a period of time. She returns and he tells the child to do as his mother says and the child obeys. Ivara is the authority of that My and is not limited to the phenomenon of this reality. Based on the above analogy we can say with conviction that Brahman is everywhere for all souls' atmans were distinct part of God Almighty in miniscule form. Use this image now, for FREE! That also has to be destroyed right? It is shapeless, genderless, bodiless. Change color of a paragraph containing aligned equations, Theoretically Correct vs Practical Notation. Dharma is an important term in Indian religions. It is this supreme that is Nirgua, meaning that which cant be described with characteristics or qualities or possession of any limitations. But there is your jiva vs my jiva. Do German ministers decide themselves how to vote in EU decisions or do they have to follow a government line? On this theistic view the soul remains distinct from the Lord even in liberation. existence; as it cognises all insentient objects, its nature is So, consciousness in humans is only one mode of Brahman. This is its mode as cit (knowledge). Sir I am in tears. LK:z[OE/vfR>ahk/Ov;k9o*> T5kzkXX'102Dr707;Awo7*Za72^w9 0000141001 00000 n In Hinduism, Brahman is the supreme spirit and the other deities are different representations of Brahman. Who decides what is Good Karma or Bad Karma society or God, If everything is decided by Karma then what is the role of God in our life, How does one attain Moksha through Karma Yoga, Who will be the mentor of Lord Kalki Avatar. I humbly request you to kindly help me with further philosophical doubts related to this question. Vishnu Hindus believe Vishnu is the preserver God. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. In every single living being on mother earth existed, a soul atman. doc, 33.5 KB. So by definition, Brahman expresses the nature of everything in the universe. Whole universe is made up of atoms including non living things that's why god is all prevading. It only takes a minute to sign up. What are Hindu beliefs about karma, samsara and moksha? 0000138502 00000 n I bow down to your feet for you saw my comment and helped me. Dreams are different to Vyavaharika state right. 0000141547 00000 n Year 4 RE Autumn One - Judaism Belief and Practices Knowledge Organiser. To solve this profound linguistic perplexity, the magnificent child prodigy, Jagat Guru Adi ankara Bhagavadpada said Advitam, meaning there is no two or there is no second. This is as it should be, because if we can define them, then they become finite. Read more. Atman means 'eternal self'. W.%re"|l]wSvLD.u#ifr33a>u|6M,!0Sqr&,F~@.;6iE ce>)pXB2}YA>65=6*{8M{!1kqmR,Fl9cb%qZHfU>d2MhD6LRll`'1#yIU2Xp@j{0VdDT%or,pK.)`_v/F3l@ 52X1: Zx!CwMX^wGq58UQvMDKv`~q]? ! to say "nothing exists", there needs to be an observer that makes that observation. or "infinity has parts"? ~HdzQ*{~ZL(Y8) dslS:?psG>=ErzrmSe{D"9)'XCs>oaHE*LW1JY#Eah%D)@0b@LEHmyl4 z Even devatas and sages don't know completely about him. 0000002187 00000 n A Brahman is a priest of the high caste. :,)E9S}J*QQ*Df1-FK'L-N[G 3@e?T|by? from the clay; it is neither identical with the clay, as in the Brahman is both the nimitta-kraa (efficient cause) and updna-kraa (material cause) of the universe. Isa Upanishad 1 says its all pervading. So let's start with a contradiction, Brahman is The Singularity whose luminance is addressed as Pramtma, for example: if Sun is Brahman the luminance that reaches us in the form of heat and light is Pramtma. consciousness; and as it is always the object of love, its nature is Brahman Someone who follows Hinduism. << /Length 6 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> Para Brahman (Sanskrit: , romanized: parabrahma) in Hindu philosophy is the "Supreme Brahman" that which is beyond all descriptions and conceptualisations.It is described as the formless (in the sense that it is devoid of Maya) that eternally pervades everything, everywhere in the universe and whatever is beyond.. Para Brahman is conceptualised in diverse ways. The opposite of Nirgua is Sagua, and it is this Sagua Brahman that we can consider as THE ULTIMATE REALITY or THE COSMIC BEING (Nryaa), The innate indweller of all is Rudra. 1975, Srichaganti. 0000001336 00000 n All the other gods are different forms of Brahman Can you match the Tri-murti to their jobs? It refers to the law that every action has an equal reaction either immediately or at some point in the future. He erroneously perceives the object to be real and independent of the consciousness; however, it is only consciousness that exists and the object is merely an unreal projection on consciousness. Why does Adi Shankaracharya use "going to Brahman" metaphor in discussing why Brahman cannot be gone to? Various Rishis and sages used linguistic distinctions for us to understand the different aspects of Brahman, but they are all one and the same. http://sanatanadhara.com/rebirth/. Then how can we claim Brahman prevades everything ? A^3nwrU!A8}i7^B^5tScZFY$xasZ?qxd#3d#7J6FJj@dc qU2 8RcUAd JXR.JvPcc@(5E V%@J%T2MdSU4J%P(] `UvT2 Y 1 . How did Dominion legally obtain text messages from Fox News hosts? One story that captures the spirit of the teacher is that a mother asks the teacher to stop her son eating sugar for he eats too much of it. 0000066154 00000 n Year: 3 Topic related pictures - Vocabulary Brahman Brahman is the concept of God in Hinduism. Thus it could be said that in this world, a spiritual being, the atman, has a human experience rather than a human being having a spiritual experience. Hindus believe he destroys evil. From this Atman, space came out, etc all the way to earth, plants, humans, etc. What exactly is that existence that is conscious of all things including non living things?? Religion: Hinduism *Theme: The Amrit Ceremony and the Khalsa Key Question: Does joining the Khalsa make a person a better Sikh? Thanks for answering sir but my doubt is Is consiouness all prevading ?? So that human beings may catch a glimpse of Brahman's nature, Brahman is worshipped in many different forms. Most Hindus believe in God but what this means varies in different traditions. x]%8dO4[=!V, In India, even today, people are divided into four "castes" and Brahmans were considered to be above all other castes. A fundamentally important teaching is that spiritual understanding is conveyed from teacher to disciple through a lineage and when one guru passes away he or she is usually replaced by a successor. The importance of sva-dharma is illustrated well by the Bhagavad Gita. KS2 - Can the Buddha's teachings make the world a better place? Karma is a Sanskrit word whose literal meaning is 'action'. What do we mean by pure consciousness when we address Brahman? The idea of what has become known as sanatana dharma can be traced back to the puranas. Also, when we say One the question of where this One exists comes up. All jivas together is called Samashi-jiva (aka Brahma). Now I'm reading the whole answer again. Ivara is that thought of Brahman which is a singularity over Creation and My. How can that awarness remain without a body ? Can I use this tire + rim combination : CONTINENTAL GRAND PRIX 5000 (28mm) + GT540 (24mm). Vidura claims that dharma is most important because through it the sages enter the absolute reality, on dharma the universe rests, and through dharma wealth is acquired. In Hindu history the highest class, the Brahmins, adhered to this doctrine. Brahman is a Sanskrit word which refers to a transcendent power beyond the universe. 1)But how can Brahman or Awareness or Consciousness be there and be all pervading in Non Living things like Pots,Ornaments etc which have no sence of awareness or Atman? &_crB3yan{&/=s*O6xit cM_o_k* l$XzSZ2cDK=8U}DeP;_]N=Kp )"s ~8 7Z:$.u'f5q9" 0000001698 00000 n Understanding of how you can be more than one thing to different people. 0000010038 00000 n x][s6~w3[Gq#HKU$Ja$SyVt7rxHI"KCn40veq*ruub]~~uSlVe,O~}},bT(Lg:gyL@s>^?u8G (N/kl)_ona'/f@?QHCFk.Di?\nxC^HN7P4M'Z5#\vK nfgMs -*?. eZd6hz$7D:YH09I&&zgH]OgH=52h$`h_(-DFh&MVb7i_V79WLbb/ There was neither manifested nor unmanifested. According to Mundaka Upanishad, God is small, very small and present everywhere in world. However, one can try to interpret Pramtma based on the attributes described by Vednta as sat-cit-nanda. How can Brahman be everywhere and in everything? Just as a wall illumined by the rays of the sun is more illumined when 3_1%Md9Ugz6 What tool to use for the online analogue of "writing lecture notes on a blackboard"? It only exists individually as Awarness or life force or Atman in all beings. OCHS - Ideas of God in Hinduism - mp3 lecture. Another example given is how polished surfaces reflect more. Atman is a window into Brahman like a pot is in the space, inside the pot is also space, the opening of the pot is the Atman. Content Source from the following pages. Thanks a lot for your detailed and hard effort sir, Welcome to HSE! Atman=Brahman=all-pervading according to advaita. How does that mean this awareness is all pervading??? Indeed, not to act according to one's own dharma is wrong and called adharma. What are some online sources to get unabridged Hindu Scriptures or to learn Hinduism? Numeric One means there is an entity that is unique among many other entities. x]sIY4AJ+zsI]buYv4#) !u.WL n4eY]eE+7MU93Bo.Md?W1e!w^;%C^_Ce7_d>^}CNsE7J*F'}_Vf}:g!g9;;Y:XUg+R~!;COc%b8"/\1LZ>XM^c7aXf!h+gs%>&Dnf.r6Evw1b9?[ tXyLLfc)LNM F'kk5hNy6/2o[cfV\4N5%3>@N4ge|M m)SId6JSHex xqs!l)"BY Thus, one person might be drawn towards Shiva, another towards Krishna, and another towards Kali. This is the confusion that Maitreyi also had when Yajnavalkya was explaining Brahman to her. endobj This is not to classify either as masculine or feminine nor as a biological representation of being male or female. However, for a being to be conscious, it needs a subtle body to reflect it. The supreme Lord expresses himself through the many gods and goddesses. SU^yL@T7PM7Lnq#`v@W{U Why did the Soviets not shoot down US spy satellites during the Cold War? 4 0 obj %PDF-1.3 0000004700 00000 n Try saying it out loud "Infinity is one" does that make sense? Bhagavan is a person. The term also refers to the 'divine consciousness.' Brahman can be shown in many. The where and "who" always infers that if something exists, then automatically there should be something else to witness its existence. Create your own Hindu Family in River Ganges Hinduism Religion Pilgrimage KS2 themed poster, display banner, bunting, display lettering, labels, Tolsby frame, story board, colouring sheet, card, bookmark, wordmat and many other classroom essentials in Twinkl Create using this, and thousands of other handcrafted . What we do know is that, like any form of ignorance, maya ceases to exist at the dawn . There are no upcoming events at this time. 3)What is Sat feature of Brahman?? o|Lv}_u>N1LzA#$M=D]4880(-\JUY-ndUU9+l\beTEYd=Np5c Many Hindus believe that there is a part of Brahman within each person, which forms . 2 0 obj Brahman is existance consiouness and bliss . yD"H$?syi>u}^\Kw?>_|~z]4 0TU{sNw~xo~K@ q>4@4y_t/s_^eiuzix+@0 K=h^&U[Y#qhzfR RyIuv> M'-?2QCyK/uiqz[ 0m uWSga:LFwp,c1/6/Tf5j$jXF5r[3}pYhD uq5 endobj Meaning, one cannot become Ivara. Hence, the absolute existence and absolute knowledge of Brahman is logically self-evident. The master tells her to come back in a week. <> Hinduism Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for followers of the Hindu religion and those interested in learning more about Hinduism. or "there are many infinities"? And Brahman became all the various differentiated aspects of the universe: etc. In Hinduism, Brahman is the supreme spirit and the other deities are different representations of Brahman. A>U]OwIX}*m}i*fV.Kv~?qVUpeM9z"5[f;;b"7tE"4y2Uf>% .\)M[U1y#\#h4xdMn#&z|oq 0000140693 00000 n The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? One guru could have more than one successor which leads to a multiplication of traditions. stream They then researched what Hindus believed, focusing on the Hindu gods and goddesses. Finally, the last question is malformed. BSA1Za{ 2QT"LAT2x~-goLFle^Ovd3Q7oRW#}C#hHi6o\]H,dN(;9kYF6 :jr@RU=B9~Ue@:FrF[Rqg4r;)A1)8/dY`')~=`mc)|AX=uBp>{[I( Thanks a lot! God, being unlimited, can have unlimited forms and expressions. B5D:Wzu:$["=%4J6l0CC,5 cEqjPsdzWW3[ How can a concept like Brahman exist? This discussion recognises the complexity and varied nature of human purposes and meanings in life. There is no second entity other than Brahman. This is explained by Rishi Vaiha in His Yoga to r Ram as: During the cosmic dissolution, the entire objective creation is resolved into the infinite being, which is variously designated as Atma, Brahman, Truth, etc., by the wise, to facilitate communication and dialogue. ~(Swami Venkatesananda. You are confusing consciousness with being conscious. Complete the sheet on Ganesh How does a Hindu child describe his faith in Brahman? Your email address will not be published. Atman is just awarness. What are some of the other important holy texts of Hinduism? I am the source from which the gods and great seers come. BBC 2014 The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. So, what is sat:cit:ananda? KS2 - How can Brahman be everywhere and in everything? This was used for an official observation and . % The One is Brahman, described as the universal cosmic soul or the ultimate all-pervading . As such, it is sometimes translated as 'God' although the two concepts are not identical. So instead of saying there is one (Ekam), he said there are no two things. Surely, he asks, killing one's relatives and teachers is wrong and so he refuses to fight. Ivara is not a position that one can fill like Indra. Are there conventions to indicate a new item in a list? 0000114836 00000 n Is brahman a witness? Brahman is the one present everywhere and is the. Or is it Consciousness that is all pervading ? How can Brahman be like a pot or clay? How can Brahman be everywhere and in everything? An important idea that developed in classical Hinduism is that dharma refers especially to a person's responsibility regarding class (varna) and stage of life (ashrama). As Rishi Vaiha explained to r Rama in his Yoga: To the enlightened, the mind is the absolute Brahman and naught else. Is Shankara's Brahma Sutra Bhashya actually Non-Dualistic? Although this approach is suitable for straight-in landing minimums in every sense, why are circle-to-land minimums given? Core Content The concept of Brahman as a Supreme Being The concept of God within the natural world, especially within the River Ganges How God can be described and thought about in different ways, with different names, and how these help Hindus understand God Grid View Presentation Video Intro Quiz Project In Class Exit Quiz Project In Class stra defines the cosmos (Jagat) as that which appears and disappears, meaning an illusion that seems to exist and then ceases to exist. Q .D{BXe,(@gPUJ*(A Without a body what else can remain? 0000003280 00000 n The eternal bliss in all is Siva, the energy/vibration/ripple is called Shakti. The basic meaning is of a teacher who teaches through example and conveys knowledge and wisdom to his disciples. In Hinduism it means 'duty', 'virtue', 'morality', even 'religion' and it refers to the power which upholds the universe and society. sat=existence/basis for everything; cit=consciousness (the ability to self recognize) and finally Ananda=bliss(that which exists). There are many interesting perspectives on the self in Hinduism ranging from the self as eternal servant of God to the self as being identified with God. Can you kindly help me 1)Sir is consciousness all pervading? These goals became codified in the 'goals of a person' or 'human goals', the purusharthas, especially in sacred texts about dharma called 'dharma shastras' of which the 'Laws of Manu' is the most famous. If Brahman was not everything, then it would mean there is a second pole of power that Brahman has to contend with or be dependent on. %% S.B 3:11:3. 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